1. Russia has a double court system, with constitutional and commercial courts.
2. The district courts are the primary criminal appellate courts, and the regional courts are the primary trial courts.
3. The ordinary courts have a four-tiered hierarchy and are responsible for civil and criminal cases.
4. In 1985, the courts sentenced about 1 million people for criminal offenses, and considered 3 million administrative offenses and 2.5 million civil cases.
5. The Constitutional Court of Russia is responsible for cases concerning conformity with the Constitution.
6. The Constitutional Court of Russia is composed of 17 judges.
7. The Constitutional Court consists of two chambers.
8. In general, the court hears cases referred by the President, the Federation Council and the State Duma.
9. The Supreme Court of Russia is the highest court, which supervises inferior courts of general jurisdiction.
10. There are 125 members of the Supreme Court.
11. The Presidium of the Russian Supreme Court represents Russia’s final court of appeal.
12. The Supreme Court is divided into several chambers or collegia.
