Вариант 15

You are going to read a text on the life of a famous person. For questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer (А, В, or С) best fits each gap.

The first queen (1) England in her own right, she was known as ‘Bloody Mary’ for her persecution of Protestants in a vain attempt to restore Catholicism in England.

Mary was born at Greenwich on 18 February 1516, the only surviving child of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. Her life was (2) altered when Henry divorced Catherine to marry Anne Boleyn.

After Anne Boleyn bore Henry another daughter, Elizabeth, Mary was forbidden (3) to her parents and stripped of her title of princess. Mary never saw her mother again. With Anne Boleyn’s fall, there was a chance of reconciliation between father and daughter, but Mary refused to (4) her father as head of the church. She eventually agreed to submit to her father and Mary returned to court and was given a household (5) to her position. She was named as heir (6) the throne after her younger brother Edward, born in 1537.

Edward VI succeeded his father in 1547 and, under the protectorate of the Duke of Northumberland, zealously promoted Protestantism. Mary, (7) , remained a devout Catholic. When it became clear that Edward was dying, Northumberland (8) plans for his daughter-in-law, Lady Jane Grey, to take the throne in Mary’s place.

On Edward’s death in 1553, Jane was briefly acclaimed queen. But Mary (9) widespread popular support and within days made a triumphal entry into London. (10) queen, she was determined to re-impose Catholicism and marry Philip II of Spain. (11) policy was popular. Philip was Spanish and therefore distrusted, and many in England now had a vested interest in the prosperity of the Protestant church, (12) church lands and money after Henry dissolved the monasteries.

In 1554, Mary crushed a rebellion led by Sir Thomas Wyatt. Making (13) of her advantage, she married Philip, pressed (14) with the restoration of Catholicism and revived the laws against heresy. This provoked disillusionment with Mary, deepened by an unsuccessful war against France which led to the loss of Calais, (15) last possession in France, in January 1558. Childless, sick and deserted by Philip, Mary died on 17 November 1558. Her hopes for a Catholic England died with her.